document number: 83627 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 1 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current il410, il4108 vishay semiconductors description the il410 and il4108 consists of a gaas irled optically coupled to a photosensitive zero crossing triac network. the triac consists of two inverse parallel connected monolithic scrs. these three semiconductors are assembled in a six pin dual in-line package. high input sensitivity is achi eved by using an emitter follower phototransistor an d a cascaded scr predriver resulting in an led trigger curr ent of less than 2 ma (dc). the use of a proprietary dv/dt cl amp results in a static dv/dt of greater than 10 kv/ms. th is clamp circuit has a mosfet that is enhanced when high dv/dt spikes occur between mt1 and mt2 of the triac. when conducting, the fet clamps the base of the photot ransistor, disabling the first stage scr predriver. the zero cross line voltage detection circuit consists of two enhancement mosfets and a photodiode. the inhibit voltage of the network is determined by the enhancement voltage of the n-channel fet. the p-channel fet is enabled by a photocurrent source that permits the fet to conduct the main voltage to gate on the n-channel fet. once the main voltage can enable the n-channel, it clamps the base of the phototransistor, disabling the first stage scr predriver. the 600 v, 800 v blocking voltage permits control of off-line voltages up to 240 v ac , with a safety factor of more than two, and is sufficient for as much as 380 v ac . the il410, il4108 isolates low-voltage logic from 120 v ac , 240 v ac , and 380 v ac lines to control resistive, inductive, or capacitive loads including mo tors, solenoids, high current thyristors or triac and relays. features ? high input sensitivity ?i ft = 2 ma, pf = 1.0 ?i ft = 5 ma, pf 1.0 ? 300 ma on-state current ? zero voltage crossing detector ? 600 v, 800 v blocking voltage ? high static dv/dt 10 kv/s ? very low leakage < 10 a ? isolation test voltage 5300 v rms ? small 6 pin dip package ? compliant to rohs directive 2002/95/ec and in accordance to weee 2002/96/ec applications ? solid-state relays ? industrial controls ? office equipment ? consumer appliances agency approvals ? ul1577, file no. e52744 system code h or j, double protection ? csa 93751 ? din en 60747-5-5 (vde 0884) available with option 1 note (1) also available in tubes, do not put t on the end. i179030_4 1 2 3 6 5 4 mt2 mt1 nc a c nc *zero crossing circuit zcc* v de 21842-1 ordering information i l410#-x0##t part number package option tape and reel agency certified/package blocking voltage v drm (v) ul 600 800 dip-6 il410 il4108 dip-6, 400 mil, option 6 il410-x006 il4108-x006 smd-6, option 7 il410-x007t (1) il4108-x007t (1) smd-6, option 8 il410-x008t - smd-6, option 9 il410-x009t (1) il4108-x009t (1) vde, ul 600 800 dip-6 IL410-X001 il4108-x001 dip-6, 400 mil, option 6 il410-x016 il4108-x016 smd-6, option 7 il410-x017 il4108-x017 smd-6, option 9 il410-x019t (1) - > 0.1 mm 10.16 mm > 0.7 mm 7.62 mm dip option 7 option 6 option 9 9.27 mm option 8
www.vishay.com for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com document number: 83627 2 rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 il410, il4108 vishay semiconductors optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current notes (1) stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause pe rmanent damage to the device. functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this document. exposure to abs olute maximum ratings for e xtended periods of the time ca n adversely affect reliability. (2) refer to reflow profile for soldering conditions for surface mount ed devices (smd). refer to wave profile for soldering conditi ons for through hole devices (dip). absolute maximum ratings (1) (t amb = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) parameter test condition part symbol value unit input reverse voltage v r 6v forward current i f 60 ma surge current i fsm 2.5 a power dissipation p diss 100 mw derate from 25 c 1.33 mw/c output peak off-state voltage il410 v drm 600 v il4108 v drm 800 v rms on-state current i tm 300 ma single cycle surge current 3a total power dissipation p diss 500 mw derate from 25 c 6.6 mw/c coupler isolation test voltage between emitter and detector t = 1 s v iso 5300 v rms pollution degree (din vde 0109) 2 creepage distance 7mm clearance distance 7mm comparative tracking index per din iec112/vde 0303 pa rt 1, group iiia per din vde 6110 cti 175 isolation resistance v io = 500 v, t amb = 25 c r io 10 12 v io = 500 v, t amb = 100 c r io 10 11 storage temperature range t stg - 55 to + 150 c ambient temperature t amb - 55 to + 100 c soldering temperature (2) max. 10 s dip soldering 0.5 mm from case bottom t sld 260 c
document number: 83627 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 3 il410, il4108 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current vishay semiconductors note ? minimum and maximum values are testing requirements. typical values are characteristics of the device and are the result of en gineering evaluation. typical values are for information only and are not part of the testing requirements. electrical characteristics (t amb = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) parameter test condition part symbol min. typ. max. unit input forward voltage i f = 10 ma v f 1.16 1.35 v reverse current v r = 6 v i r 0.1 10 a input capacitance v f = 0 v, f = 1 mhz c in 25 pf thermal resistance, junction to ambient r thja 750 c/w output off-state voltage i d(rms) = 70 a il410 v d(rms) 424 460 v il4108 v d(rms) 565 v repetitive peak off-state voltage i drm = 100 a il410 v drm 600 v il4108 v drm 800 v off-state current v d = v drm , t amb = 100 c, i f = 0 ma i d(rms)1 10 100 a on-state voltage i t = 300 ma v tm 1.7 3 v on-state current pf = 1, v t(rms) = 1.7 v i tm 300 ma surge (non-repetitive), on-state current f = 50 hz i tsm 3a trigger current 1 v d = 5 v i ft1 2ma trigger current 2 v op = 220 v rms , f = 50 hz, t j = 100 c, t pif > 10 ms i ft2 6ma trigger current temp. gradient i ft1 / t j 714a/c i ft2 / t j 714a/c inhibit voltage temp. gradient v dinh / t j - 20 mv/c off-state current in inhibit state i f = i ft1 , v drm i dinh 50 200 a holding current i h 65 500 a latching current v t = 2.2 v i l 500 a zero cross inhibit voltage i f = rated i ft v ih 15 25 v turn-on time v rm = v dm = v d(rms) t on 35 s turn-off time pf = 1, i t = 300 ma t off 50 s critical rate of rise of off-state voltage v d = 0.67 v drm , t j = 25 c dv/dt cr 10 000 v/s v d = 0.67 v drm , t j = 80 c dv/dt crq 5000 v/s critical rate of rise of voltage at current commutation v d = 230 v rms , i d = 300 ma rms , t j = 25 c dv/dt crq 8v/s v d = 230 v rms , i d = 300 ma rms , t j = 85 c dv/dt crq 7v/s critical rate of rise of on-state current commutation v d = 230 v rms , i d = 300 ma rms , t j = 25 c di/dt crq 12 a/ms thermal resistance, junction to ambient r thja 150 c/w coupler critical rate of rise of coupled input/output voltage i t = 0 a, v rm = v dm = v d(rms) dv io /dt 10 000 v/s common mode coupling capacitance c cm 0.01 pf capacitance (input to output) f = 1 mhz, v io = 0 v c io 0.8 pf isolation resistance v io = 500 v, t amb = 25 c r io 10 12 v io = 500 v, t amb = 100 c r io 10 11
www.vishay.com for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com document number: 83627 4 rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 il410, il4108 vishay semiconductors optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current typical characteristics (t amb = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) fig. 1 - forward voltage vs. forward current fig. 2 - peak led current vs. duty factor, fig. 3 - maximum led power dissipation fig. 4 - typical output characteristics fig. 5 - current reduction fig. 6 - current reduction iil410_03 100 10 1 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 i f - forward current (ma) v f - forward voltage (v) t a = - 55 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c iil410_04 10 -6 10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10 100 1000 10 000 t - led pulse duration (s) if(pk) - peak led current (ma) 0.005 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.1 0.2 0.5 duty factor t df = /t iil410_05 100 80 60 40 20 0 - 20 - 40 - 60 0 50 100 150 t a - ambient temperature (c) led - led power (mw) 10 3 10 2 10 1 5 5 5 10 0 012 4 3 iil410_06 i t = f(v t ), parameter: t j t j = 25 c 100 c i t (ma) v t (v) 400 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 iil410_07 i trms (ma) t a (c) i trms = f(v t ), r thja = 150 k/w device switch soldered in pcb or base plate. 400 300 200 100 0 50 60 70 80 90 100 iil410_08 i trms (ma) t pin5 (c) i trms = f(t pin5 ), r thj-pin5 = 16.5 k/w thermocouple measurement must be performed potentially separated to a1 and a2. measuring junction as near as possible at the case.
document number: 83627 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 5 il410, il4108 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current vishay semiconductors fig. 3 - typical trigger delay time fig. 7 - off-state current in inhibited state vs. i f /i ft 25 c fig. 8 - power dissipation 40 hz to 60 hz line operation fig. 9 - typical static inhibit voltage limit trigger current vs. temperature and voltage the trigger current of the il410, 4108 has a positive temperature gradient and also is dependent on the terminal voltage as shown as the fig. 11. fig. 11 - trigger current vs. temperature and operating voltage (50 hz) for the operating voltage 250 v rms over the temperature range - 40 c to 85 c, the i f should be at least 2.3 x of the i ft1 (1.3 ma, max.). considering - 30 % degradation over time, the trigger current minimum is i f = 1.3 x 2.3 x 130 % = 4 ma iil410_09 t gd = f (i f /i ft 25 c), v d = 200 v f = 40 to 60 hz, parameter: t j 10 3 10 2 10 1 5 f gd (s) 10 0 5 10 1 5 10 2 i f /i ft25 c t j = 25 c 100 c iil410_10 i dinh = f (i f /i ft 25 c), v d = 600 v, parameter: t j 10 3 10 2 10 0 5 i dinh (a) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 i f /i ft25 c 10 1 5 t j = 25 c 100 c 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 100 200 300 iil410_11 p tot (w) i trms (ma) 40 to 60 hz line operation, p tot = f(i trms ) 12 10 8 6 4 10 0 5510 2 10 1 iil410_12 v v dinh min. (v) i f /i ft25 c v dinh min = f (i f /i ft 25c), parameter: t j device zero voltage switch can be triggered only in hatched are below t j curves. t j = 25 c 100 c 21602 v rms (v) i ft (ma) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 100 c 85 c 50 c 25 c
www.vishay.com for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com document number: 83627 6 rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 il410, il4108 vishay semiconductors optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current inductive and resistive loads for inductive loads, there is phase shift between voltage and current, shown in the fig. 12. fig. 12 - waveforms of resistive and inductive loads the voltage across the triac will rise rapidly at the time the current through the power handling triac falls below the holding current and the triac ceases to conduct. the rise rate of voltage at the current commutation is called commutating dv/dt. there woul d be two potential problems for zc phototriac control if the commutating dv/dt is too high. one is lost control to turn off, another is failed to keep the triac on. lost control to turn off if the commutating dv/dt is t oo high, more than its critical rate (dv/dt crq ), the triac may resume conduction even if the led drive current i f is off and control is lost. in order to achieve control with certain inductive loads of power factors is less than 0.8, the rate of rise in voltage (dv/dt) must be limited by a series rc network placed in parallel with the power handling triac. the rc network is called snubber circuit. note that the value of the capacitor increases as a function of the load current as shown in fig. 13. failed to keep on as a zero-crossing photot riac, the commutating dv/dt spikes can inhibit one half of the triac from keeping on if the spike potential exceeds the inhibit voltage of the zero cross detection circuit, even if the led drive current i f is on. this hold-off condition can be eliminated by using a snubber and also by providing a higher level of led drive current. the higher led drive provides a larger photocurrent which causes the triac to turn-on before the commutating spike has activated the zero cross detection circuit. fig. 14 shows the relationship of the led cu rrent for power factors of less than 1.0. the curve shows that if a device requires 1.5 ma for a resistive load, then 1. 8 times (2.7 ma) that amount would be required to control an inductive load whose power factor is less than 0.3 without the snubber to dump the spike. fig. 10 - shunt capaci tance vs. load current fig. 11 - normalized led trigger current vs. power factor 21607 resistive load commutating dv/dt ac line voltage ac current through triac voltage across triac i f(on) i f(off) inductive load commutating dv/dt ac line voltage ac current through triac voltage across triac i f(on) i f(off) iil410_01 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 i l - load current (ma rms ) c s - shunt capacitance (f) c s (f) = 0.0032 (f)*10^0.0066 i l (ma) t a = 25 c, pf = 0.3 i f = 2.0 ma iil410_02 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 pf - power factor ni fth - normalized led trigger current i fth normalized to i fth at pf = 1.0 t a = 25 c
document number: 83627 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.9, 29-oct-10 7 il410, il4108 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, high dv/dt, low input current vishay semiconductors applications direct switching operation: the il410, il4108 isolated switch is mainly suited to control synchronous motors, valves, re lays and solenoids. fig. 15 shows a basic driving circuit. for resistive load the snubber circuit r s c s can be omitted due to the high static dv/dt characteristic. fig. 15 - basic direct load driving circuit indirect switching operation: the il410, il4108 switch acts here as an isolated driver and thus enables the driving of po wer thyristors and power triacs by microprocessors. fig. 16 shows a basic driving circuit of inductive load. the resister r1 limits the driving current pulse which should not exce ed the maximum permissible surge current of the il410, il4108. the resister r g is needed only for very sensitive thyristors or triacs from being triggered by noise or the inhibit current. fig. 16 - basic power triac driver circuit package dimensions in millimeters 21608 1 2 3 6 5 4 control il410 u1 zc r s c s hot nutral inductive load 220/240 vac 21609 1 2 3 6 5 4 control il410 u1 zc r1 360 r g 330 r s c s hot nutral inductive load 220/240 vac i178014 0.20 0.30 3.30 3.81 3.30 3.81 0.84 typ. 7.62 typ. 0.84 typ. 2.54 typ. 1 min. 0.46 0.51 1.22 1.32 6.30 6.50 8.50 8.70 pin one id 6 5 4 1 2 3 18 3 to 9 7.62 to 8.81 4 typ. iso method a 8 min. 0.51 1.02 7.62 ref. 9.53 10.03 0.25 typ. 0.102 0.249 15 max. option 9 0.35 0.25 10.16 10.92 7.8 7.4 10.36 9.96 option 6 8 min. 7.62 typ. 4.6 4.1 8.4 min. 10.3 max. 0.7 option 7 18450
document number: 91000 www.vishay.com revision: 18-jul-08 1 disclaimer legal disclaimer notice vishay all product specifications and data are subject to change without notice. vishay intertechnology, inc., its affiliates, agents, and employees, and all persons acting on its or their behalf (collectively, ?vishay?), disclaim any and all liability fo r any errors, inaccuracies or incompleteness contained herein or in any other disclosure relating to any product. vishay disclaims any and all li ability arising out of the use or application of any product describ ed herein or of any information provided herein to the maximum extent permit ted by law. the product specifications do not expand or otherwise modify vishay?s terms and conditions of purcha se, including but not limited to the warranty expressed therein, which apply to these products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document or by any conduct of vishay. the products shown herein are not designed for use in medi cal, life-saving, or life-sustaining applications unless otherwise expressly indicated. customers using or selling vishay products not expressly indicated for use in such applications do so entirely at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify vishay for any damages arising or resulting from such use or sale. please contact authorized vishay personnel to obtain written terms and conditions regarding products designed for such applications. product names and markings noted herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.
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